Culture and Holidays in Thailand

Languages

In corporate sectors like IT and finance, English is often used for communication, documentation, and client interactions, especially in multinational companies.  

In government offices and public sector organizations, Thai is commonly used for internal communication and documentation. Thailand recognizes Thai as its official language, with regional dialects like Isan and Northern Thai spoken in various parts of the country. 

The manufacturing and retail sectors rely on Thai for daily operations, especially in labor-intensive industries. Factories, warehouses, and construction sites primarily use Thai, while management-level communication may be in English. 

In customer service, language use depends on the clientele. English and Thai are common for domestic and international customer support, while many companies also hire speakers of regional dialects to cater to local customers.

Workplace norms and professional etiquette

Thailand’s workplace culture blends a respect for hierarchy and professionalism with a strong emphasis on harmony and indirect communication. Modern organizations in Thailand value approachability, teamwork, and flexibility, especially in dynamic sectors such as tourism and manufacturing.

Workplace hierarchy and authority

While companies maintain clear reporting lines, employees are encouraged to contribute ideas and collaborate across teams. Decision-making may be consensus-driven in progressive workplaces, though senior leadership retains strategic control.

Email and phone etiquette

Business communication is typically professional and courteous. Emails begin with polite greetings and use formal language, while phone calls are respectful and often include brief pleasantries before addressing business topics. 

Meeting etiquette and punctuality 

In Thailand, meetings are expected to begin on time, with a structured agenda. Punctuality is valued. Informal conversation at the start is common and helps foster rapport. Contributions from all attendees are encouraged.

Professional dress code

Traditional industries such as banking may require business formal attire. In contrast, start-ups and tech firms often adopt business casual or smart casual dress codes, especially in hybrid and remote environments.

National holidays

Employees are entitled to the following national holidays: 

• Jan. 1: New Year’s Day
• Makha Bucha Day
• Apr. 6: Chakri Memorial Day
• Apr. 13-15: Songkran Festival
• May 1: Labor Day
• May 5: Coronation Day
• Visakha Bucha Day
• Asarnha Bucha Day
• Buddhist Lent Day
• Jul. 28: King Maha Vajiralongkorn’s Birthday
• Aug. 12: Queen Sirikit's Birthday
• Oct. 13: King Bhumibol Memorial Day
• Dec. 5: King Bhumibol’s Birthday
• Dec. 10: Constitution Day
• Dec. 31: New Year’s Eve 

Employees may also receive local or sector-specific holidays depending on their region or industry. Bridging days are sometimes granted when holidays fall near weekends. 

Employees who work on public holidays are entitled to compensatory time off or additional pay, as regulated by Thailand’s labor law and collective agreements. Standard rates apply on make-up days unless stated otherwise in employment terms.